The Crucible Essays (923 words) - Salem Witch Trials, The Crucible

The Crucible Essays (923 words) - Salem Witch Trials, The Crucible The Crucible The Crucible composed by Arthur Miller is a play that happens in the sixteen nineties during the well known however disastrous witch preliminaries. The whole network is in commotion yet certain characters are moreover battling interior clashes of their own. Mill operator utilizes three characters who show this interior fight obviously. For example, Mary Warren who entire character flips around, John Proctor who thinks about between the significance of his family and his own name and Reverend Sound who fights with himself wether to do his activity necessities or then again do what he knows is correct. Mary Warren is a young lady who is constrained with this internal strife all through this play. At the start of the play she is seen to be a bashful young lady who will never express her real thoughts as demonstrated when Proctor sends her home and she reacts with I'm simply returning home (21). As the play proceeds and as she is affected by Abigail, Mary starts to break this self prompted form and does what she needs. Mary Warren, alongside numerous different young ladies becomes involved with the promotion of getting all the consideration and practicing power by means of starting and unyieldingly proceeding these witch preliminaries. At long last John Proctor, the realist, shows that when individuals like Rebecca Nurse and Elizabeth Delegate who are the saintliest of individuals are blamed for being witches, something must not be right. Mary Warren has a troublesome choice to make. She has understood that her entire lifestyle has been founded on foul play. Nonetheless, how might she remove herself from Abigail and her companions, also her new sentiments of certainty. Mary chooses to revolt against Abigail and the others for their bogus allegations and said that she attempted to kill me various times(57). However as she does this gallant demonstration of defeating her old reality, Abigail imagines that Mary is additionally a witch utilizing the poppets against her(73). Mary is currently confronted with one more difficult inward clash: to do what she knows is correct and likely kick the bucket for it, or to come back to her old ways. Mary surrenders to Abigails spellbinding and blames John Delegate of compelling her to lie. Plainly the fight which Mary confronted from the earliest starting point was huge. John Proctor a rancher and town average citizen also is confronted with an internal unrest. He has submitted infidelity and had definitely no expectations of participating in the witch preliminaries except if hello there pregnant spouse were to likewise get included. After his significant other got included and in the end was set free because of the way that she was pregnant feels that he can't acknowledge this. Delegate is a decent and respectable man and as a result of this he accepts from the outset he can't be hanged and bite the dust a saint when he has this sin sprouting over him each waking second . John later says to Elizabeth that My trustworthiness is destitute, Elizabeth; I am nothing but bad man. Nothing's ruined by giving them this falsehood that were not spoiled long before(136) and rather admit then bite the dust for something he level out didn't do. Notwithstanding, as John admits, he can not permit Danforth to make it authoritatively reported. As Danforth asks him for what reason John answers with a cry on the grounds that it is my name. Since I can't have another in my life . . . How may I live without my name? Have given you my spirit; leave me my name(143). John feels firmly about having a decent name what's more, not biting the dust with a terrible one. Delegate weighs the two sides of his inside clash and understands that he should not commit another error. He along these lines, recommends himself to death, not for the wellbeing of his own, however Or maybe for the others. As John bites the dust Liz sobs saying He have his integrity now. God prohibit I take it away(145). Another inner clash is obvious in Reverend Hale who starts these issues. From the outset Reverend Hale makes certain about his conviction that there are witches and feels that he is completing the wants of G-D himself. However as the play proceeds onward and Hale sees all these legitimate and great individuals being condemned and executed he

Social Construction of Gender Essay -- Gender Socialization Sex Essays

Social Construction of Gender      Today’s society assumes a significant job in the development of sexual orientation. Sexual orientation is a kind of issue that has brought up numerous issues throughout the years in characterizing and discussing if both male and female are equivalent. Today sex is built in four distinct manners. The first way sexual orientation is characterized is by the family where a youngster is raised. Second is the general public where a youngster connects; makes companions and adversaries. The third is our educational system and our leading group of training. Also, the to wrap things up is our own reluctant. Every one of the over four different ways have a one of a kind method of trim and helping an individual characterize his/her sex.      Lets take the first in context. The family is a significant factor in characterizing our sex. Our sex begins to characterize when we are conceived. On the off chance that a kid is conceived in a family, the relatives would purchase toys like beast trucks, race vehicles, activity legend also, toys that motivate a male conduct. As restrict to if a young lady is conceived, the relatives would purchase dolls, and adorable dresses, and stuffed bears. They would rouse her to carry on delicate and kind like a female ought to carry on. Guardians would permit their children to remain out late what's more, be minimal progressively liberal on them. What's more, they would not permit their little girl to remain our late and be somewhat exacting. Fathers would anticipate that their children should help him in the carport or any other undertaking around the house and mothers anticipate that their little girls should help them in kitchen. These qualities are not strange or our of conventional, this has been the custom for several ears and to the extent I can see it will in any case continue as before.      Society is a social factors that has numerous manners by which its form an individual and characterizes his/her sexual orientation. Society incorporates your companions, coaches, adversaries, and our collaborators and noteworthy others. On the off chance that you are a kid you typically hand around with folks, playing football, b-ball and different games. A kid is relied upon to have â€Å"Machoness† inside him when he grows up. In the event that you are a young lady, you would as a rule stick around young ladies, playing indoor games, watching cleansers, and going out on the town to shop each now and them. A society anticipate that a kid should be the strong figure in a family. A man who can gain the bread for the family and ladies to deal with kids and the house. Occupations out in our general public characterizes sexual orientation. Men are generally assembly line laborers, electri... ...losing loved ones generally male and female develop their own job in their life.  â â â â      The finish of this exposition is that there are four prime factors that develop sexual orientation job in today’s society. They incorporate our family, society, instructive frameworks and reluctant. There are other social items that impact the sexual orientation inside these four classifications. For instance the thought that ladies are truly and more vulnerable then men and that they are substantially more passionate then men are. I figure nobody ought to be decided on what there sex. The word â€Å"Gender† ought to be utilized less and less and people ought to be decided on their achievement and work rather then sexual orientation. Society have been characterizing what's more, developing sexual orientation for a long time. Be that as it may, in twentieth century we should all develop sexual orientation not as indicated by what one can do and so forth, yet what mental characteristics they have. We ought to characterize men as gallant and eager. Male sexual orientation ought to be characterize as father, child, and a pioneer, rather than somebody who are genuinely more grounded then ladies. Female sexual orientation ought to be characterize as moms, sister and other people who are mindful, cherishing and care taking, rather than frail people.

An Examination of “Intimate Revenge” in Seamus Heaney’s “Punishment” - Literature Essay Samples

The poem â€Å"Punishment† by Seamus Heaney was written in 1975 as a part of the anthology North. It is a part of Heaney’s bog series, in which he describes the Irish bogland, and the different artifacts and remains that have been found within the Northern European bogs. In these poems, the bog imagery is metaphoric of Heaney’s Irish homeland, specifically Northern Ireland. Written during the bloodiest year of the Irish Troubles, â€Å"Punishment† delves deeper into this metaphor to examine relations during the time period. In â€Å"Punishment,† the poetic persona observes the body of a bog woman, the Windeby Girl. She has a noose around her neck, and as he looks at her corpse he imagines the context in which she was hanged. Throughout this first section of the poem, Heaney creates a very empathetic tone through the persona’s description of the woman and the circumstances surrounding her death. Toward the end of the poem, the persona admits t hat some part of him does not regret her execution, and almost condones it. In â€Å"Punishment,† Heaney uses contrasting images of the bog woman and metaphor of the Irish Troubles to create tension and explore the internal conflict between empathy and revenge. Heaney begins to develop an empathetic tone from the very first beginning of â€Å"Punishment.† The first three lines read: â€Å"I can feel the tug / of the halter at the nape / of her neck.† Immediately, the word tug pulls the reader into the persona’s experience. Heaney’s wonderful use of enjambment in this first stanza also leads to the creation of rousing interest. These features work together to draw the reader into the story of the bog woman simply from the initial image of her. Heaney continues to establish empathy through the persona’s continued imagery. The persona uses very vivid visual analogies to draw attention to the young age and unfortunate situation of the bog girl. In lines 7-8, the wind â€Å"shakes the frail rigging / of her ribs.† The word frail highlights her weakness and vulnerability. The persona can see her ribs. She is completely exposed. In this, Heaney establishes physical infirmity. Until the fourth stanza, the reader has no perception of age. In line 14, the persona calls her a â€Å"barked sapling.† A sapling is a young, weak tree. Barking is a practice in which a row of bark is stripped from a tree, inevitably killing it. Combined, these two simple terms create an incredibly evocative image of nature slaughtered by man. They suggest to the reader that this girl’s death is an act against nature and is inherently wrong. The persona continues to describe her in this manner, until line 20. Perhaps one of the most puzzling lines in â€Å"Punishment,† it refers to the noose around her neck. The persona compares it to â€Å"a ring / to store / the memories of love† (20-22). A noose generally brings about a negative connotation. However in this context, it is presented with a somewhat ironic and nostalgic tone. At its most basic purpose, the metaphor is alluding to the revelation in the next line. Yet, at a deeper level, the line could represent the persona’s understanding and justification of the bog girl’s crime. This appreciation is further exemplified by the persona’s personal connection to the girl. Heaney’s use of apostrophe creates an especially strong sense of empathy in â€Å"Punishment.† The persona directly addresses the exhibited woman as a â€Å"little adulteress† (23). Once again, the persona draws attention literally to her youth and paltry size through the use of little. However, this is also a term of endearment, as one would call his or her own child, further codifying the connection the persona feels with the bog woman. In this line, the reader is informed for the first time of the reason for the girl’s death. She committed a crime and she suffered the punishment. In the subsequent lines, the images transition from frailty in death to beauty in life. The persona describes her â€Å"tar-black face† as once being â€Å"beautiful† (27). This stark contrast highlights the tension of her life and death and demonstrates the empathy the persona feels for the girl. The final definitive sympathy the reader observes is in line 28, as the persona addresses the girl as â€Å"my poor scapegoat.† The possessive adjective my demonstrates the empathy the persona experiences, and the line as a whole shows a great display of sympathy. The implication of the word scapegoat is that she was punished so that others would not be. She is an example, even though the persona recognizes the unfairness of her situation. In the next stanzas, the persona begins to reveal his personal cowardice and sin. The most poignantly ashamed lines come directly after vehemently expressed empathy. The persona directly addresses the bog girl for the final time: â€Å"I almost love you / but would have cast, I know, / the stones of silence† (29-31). The images that have been developing empathy and endearment from the first line suddenly dissolve as the persona’s sympathy is proven insufficient. Despite his convictions, he does not feel strongly enough to speak out against his peers and save her. If he does, he cannot bring himself to do so for the simplest reason. Some part of him understands why she is killed, and agrees with the punishment. In the poem, the persona compares the punishment of the bog girl to the punishment of Catholic girls during the Irish Troubles. During this time, cruel punishments for seemingly minor offenses were not uncommon. The Troubles were a conflict between Irish Catholics and British Protestants. In this poem, Heaney specifically references the penalty for fraternization between these two groups. If a Catholic girl was discovered associating with a British soldier, she was â€Å"cauled in tar,† and shamed publicly (39). This is comparative to a hanging for adultery as public degradation. She is made an example, just as the bog girl is made an example. The metaphor extends not only to the literal â€Å"punishment,† but also to the emotional conflict the persona experiences. He is the â€Å"artful voyeur† of a murdered girl (32). This demonstrates a sense of guilt as he witnesses the atrocity in front of him, yet he only watches. Equally, he has â€Å"stood dumb† as he has watched his own people being punished by his own people (37). He â€Å"would connive in civilized outrage,† yet do nothing to stop the act. It is through these contradictions that the persona’s internal conflict is revealed. The persona can â€Å"understand the exact / and tribal, intimate revenge,† yet also feel boundless empathy for those punished (43-44). It is through this conflict that Heaney looks at relations during the Irish Troubles. As a prominent figure in the Catholic minority, Seamus Heaney was often called upon to make political statements in his poetry. â€Å"Punishment† exemplifies betrayal, not between the two sides, but within one. It is not degrading the Protestants, nor is it a rallying cry for the Catholics. Instead, Heaney examines revenge, empathy, and betrayal at their core. Throughout the majority of the poem, the images of the bog woman create a great feeling of empathy. Yet, it is also understood that the persona would have done nothing to save her. She executed an â€Å"intimate† betrayal, and thus deserved an â€Å"intimate revenge† (44). The allusion to Catholics during the Troubles presents an especially personal connection for Heaney. In the intense emotion of innermost betrayal, moral convictions may be set aside for the satisfaction of revenge. â€Å"Punishment† examines the ethical dilemma faced both by Catholics during the Troubles and by any person in a situ ation of war, either personal or intercontinental. The resolution Heaney reaches is uncomfortable. The persona stands in silence and accepts the violence, despite empathy for the victim. The readers discomfort comes in the understanding of why he does so. It is the question of love over hate, of peace over war, one each person must answer individually. Though Heaney rarely added fuel to the political fire of the Irish Troubles, perhaps through this poem he is asking whether this struggle is worth the pain it created.

Erectile Dysfunction Causes, Effects, And A Focus On...

Erectile Dysfunction: Causes, Effects, and a Focus on Treatments â€Å"Sex.† The media portrays sex to be easy, problem-less, and enjoyable all the time. Although this may be the case for some, for others, sex can be a serious struggle. Research shows that sexual dysfunction is common with 43% of women and 31% of men (DiMeo, 2006). In addition, around 10% of men aged 40 to 70 years old have complete erectile dysfunction, yet very few seek medical help (O’Leary, Barada, Costabile, 1996). Sexual dysfunction refers to a problem during any phase of the sexual response cycle that prevents the individual or couple from experiencing satisfaction from the sexual activity. The sexual response cycle has four phases: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. Sexual function is a very important part of one’s sexuality. Sex may be only one component of one’s life but it can affect many other facets of life, including confidence, identity, life satisfaction, and health. In addition, sexual dysfunction is frequently associ ated with a number of systemic illnesses and surgical treatments, thus it is important to address sexual dysfunctions. Sexual dysfunction is a topic that many people are hesitant and embarrassed to discuss (Barnes, 1991). Fortunately, most cases of sexual dysfunction are treatable, which is why it is important for people to share their concerns with their partner(s) and doctor(s). The three most common sexual dysfunctions for men are low desire (libido),Show MoreRelatedErectile Dysfunction And The Elderly Population1757 Words   |  8 PagesErectile Dysfunction, according to the American Sexual Health Association, is the inability to maintain an erection that is suitable for intercourse. It is a condition that can affect men of any age. Even though erectile dysfunction can affect men of all ages, it is most prevalent in the elderly population. 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For example, pharmaceutical apply against erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients

Developing Multicultural Counseling Competence A Systems...

Thread: Hays and Erford (2014), in describing the U.S. Class Structure (p. 165, chapter 7), mention these: upper, upper middle, lower middle, working, and lower. Narrow this. While considering concomitant issues related to classism, discuss the unique counseling challenges associated with each group. Support your assertions. Submit your thread by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of Module/Week 2. Submit your replies by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module/Week 2. Hays, D. G., Erford, B. T. (2014). Developing multicultural counseling competence: A systems approach (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Pearson. In counseling there are many factors to consider. The United States is one of the wealthiest nations in the world. The main problem is the distribution of the wealth is not always so equal. This discussion board will look at the distinct counseling challenges uncovered while with dealing with people in to upper, middle, working, and lower socio economic group in the United States. 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Modernism vs Postmodernism Essay Example For Students

Modernism vs Postmodernism Essay This question highlights one of the themes central to the account of modem art offered in this course: the tension between the theoretical perspectives of, on the one hand, Modernist criticism and, on the other, an approach focused on the relationship of the art of any given period to its social, political and historical context. The two quotations given above may be interpreted as representing these polarities. It would be an oversimplification to suggest that to accept a Modernist account of modem art must imply rejection of a socio-historical view, or vice-versa the discussion between TJ Clark and Michael Fried about Pollock TV21 suggests that there is room for negotiation, if not for compromise. It is, however, arguable that a definition of postmodernism should take into consideration both the close interrelationship between Modernist criticism and mid-twentieth century abstract art, which together constituted the dominant hegemony in art from the late 1940s to the early 1960s and hence the artistic context against which postmodernism in the visual arts evolved, and the social, historical and political context within which art characterised as postmodern has developed. It seems reasonable, therefore, to start by attempting to clarify the critical positions represented by Greenberg and Burgin. Greenberg, in Modernist Painting 1961 and other writings, sets the development of modem art, specifically painting, in the context of the ideas of the Enlightenment philosopher Kant, who used logic to establish the limits of logic Art in Theory p. 755. Kant thereby established a precedent for using the techniques of a particular medium to define and refine that medium, a process referred to by Greenberg as self-criticism. This implies that painting, rather than using art to conceal art ibid by creating illusionistic space and depth, should rather use art to call attention to art ibid, that is, to emphasise the unique characteristics of the medium; the flat surface, the shape of the support, the properties of pigment ibid. Greenberg states that such a process would render art pure, that is, autonomous, free of any extraneous elements deriving from other arts, such as theatricality or narrative. The impact of a painting should thus derive from those technical aspects characteristic of painting, such as colour, form and composition. An example of the sort of painting Greenberg was advocating at the time may clarify this. Morris Louiss painting Alpha-Phi pl. D10 is exactly contemporary with the publication of Modernist Painting. It consists of bold, ragged, diagonal streaks of pure colour against an off-white ground; Louiss use of acrylic paints, which soak into the canvas, means that the colours appear integrated with the ground and hence do not disrupt the flatness of the picture plane. Its effect depends upon the arrangement of colours and the large scale of the painting which makes it occupy so much of ones visual field that it loses its character as a discrete tactile object and thereby become that much more purely a picture, a strictly visual entity Greenberg, Louis and Noland, p. 28. It is apparently devoid of references to anything other than the intrinsic qualities of forms and colours. Louiss painting, and the contemporary work of Kenneth Noland e. g. Bloom, pl 141 and Jules Olitski e. g. Twice Disarmed pl. D11 were seen by Greenberg as being how paintings should look if they are to continue the intelligible continuity of taste and tradition Art in Theory p. 760 and offer the viewer a sufficient degree of aesthetic power Modernism in Dispute p. 173 in the 1960s. Burgin, however, sees Greenbergs approach and hence, by implication, paintings such as Alpha-Phi, as the terminal point of historical trajectory. It is arguable that paintings such as those of Louis represent a point beyond which art could not be further refined, and must therefore be reassessed or stagnate. Furthermore, in the context of the major social and political upheavals of the late 1960s and thereafter, such work might appear increasingly irrelevant. From Burgins viewpoint, Greenbergs privileging of aesthetic and technical issues marginalises those types of art which can be validated by reference to their relationship with their historical context, to the way in which they represent their times. Thus Dada would be of little importance in a Greenbergian art history, but significant in the context of a history which opens onto history and which deals with representations. Art History Survey Class Syllabus EssayHis use of commodities as art is also interesting in relation to the commodification of Abstract Expressionist paintings, which were advocated as a sound financial investment in the early 1950s. The variety of work produced by Koons raises an issue not explicitly mentioned by Burgin, the eclecticism often associated with postmodernism. This, and its occasionally ephemeral nature as in the case of Puppy, made of flowers relates more closely to Jamesons sense of the postmodern as involving superficiality and deathlessness Art in Theory, p. 077. There are other issues relevant to postmodernism to which Burgin does not directly refer, such as: a critical approach to the exhibitions and museums system, which has lead to alternative ways of presenting works of art; a tendency to pastiche or parody of earlier works of art; and, in some instances, the necessity of active involvement by the viewer. While Burgins statement does not emphasise these point s, they are illustrated by his own work. What does Possession mean to you pl. 189 uses a glossy advertising-style photograph which is placed in the context of a caption about the ownership of wealth to put a different, socio-political perspective on the image, calling into question issues of gender dominance and property ownership and thus critiquing social norms. It was exhibited not as a single artwork in a gallery, but in a set of 500 copies posted in the streets of the centre of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. The replication of the image and its display on the streets can be seen as critical both of the idea of the importance of orginality and of the exhibitions and museums system. A decoupling of art from the established methods of presenting it to the public seems to be characteristic of postmodernism, and is also exemplified by developments such as the Land Art of Richard Long and Robert Smithson, and the public projections of Krystof Wodiczko. These images, for instance his projection of hands holding prison bars onto a courthouse pl. D71, function, like Burgins poster, as socio-political commentary and also share with it the ephemeral quality mentioned in relation to Koons. Work by Burgin such as Any moment previous to the present moment pl. 169, which consists of text from which the viewer/reader has to construct his/her own image, highlights both Burgins view of the importance of concepts in postmodernist art, and the tendency within postmodernist art to invite the viewer to sustained active participation in the work of art. This is in direct opposition to the passive contemplation advocated by Modernist critics such as Fried who, in Art and Objecthood, claims that good art should be instantaneously present. This idea of the importance of presentness is contradicted by the title of Burgins article, The absence of presence. Taking Burgins statement as a point of departure, it is possible to connect postmodern ideas to a diverse range of works of art, which are in turn associated with a series of contemporary concepts and concerns. While Burgin provides a means of distinguishing postmodernism from Modernism in art, there remains the problem of how to, or indeed whether, one ought to distinguish qualitatively between different postmodernist works. If social relevance is a characteristic of postmodernism, then degree or accuracy of social relevance may be used as an evaluative tool; however, as Harrison and Wood have pointed out see Modernism in Dispute, p. 240 radically critical work may become marginalised and lose its ability to challenge. Furthermore, if the main impact of a work depends on its contemporary relevance, it is likely to lose conceptual value with the passage of time; Haackes The Safety Net pl. D24 borrows its meaning from contemporary politics rather than conforming with Greenbergs idea of art as self-defining, and is hence now arguably of historic rather than artistic interest. The aesthetic of Greenbergian Modernism may never recover a dominant position within art history but, as Harrison and Wood have suggested, the contingency of the historical is only half the point of art.

Enjoyment of Working A Necessity Essay Example

Enjoyment of Working: A Necessity Essay There was a time when work was a factor that greatly contributed to the happiness and fulfillment of a person in his life.   Such was a time when great working relationships among people in the working place – whether it is a cozy corporate office or a noisy industrial plant – instilled in them the enthusiasm to look forward to each working day.   On top of the camaraderie among the workers, the purpose and daily meaning that they found in their work more than compensated for their unattractive payroll figures.  Ã‚     An article at New York Times written by Adam Cohen says, â€Å"The 1970’s were a slower age, and much of the workers’ pleasure in their jobs is related to the less demanding time clock.† (Internet)   Indeed, working during those years meant living life and enjoying each day, whether it is a working day or one’s day off from work.Working during those years afforded workers time for things that give them reasons to smil e while at work.   Cohen cited as examples how stewardess are required to spend time talking with the plane passengers and how a hospital worker can squeeze in his working schedule a visit to a patient who has nobody to visit him or to keep him company even just for a short while.   Having time for these small things makes people appreciate other people and appreciate life as a whole.   Workers during the earlier years also were proud of what they did and the roles they played in the course of doing their jobs.   Indeed, many would dismiss as insignificant the work of waitresses, bookbinders and gravediggers.   And yet, there are people in such jobs who see the significance of what they do and who, then, find meaning in attending to their tasks in their working places – tasks that they performed in their own unique styles. Their relatively small salaries notwithstanding, workers before appreciated the work given them and their jobs largely contributed to their self- knowledge and their sense of importance.The 21st century, though, brought in the â€Å"new ruthless economy†, (Cohen, Internet) which transformed workers into human machines who did their jobs and duties in exchange for their pay.   Cohen wrote, â€Å"High tech and new management styles put workers on what the author Simon Head calls ‘digital assembly lines’ with little room for creativity or independent thought.   As much as 4 percent of the work force is now employed in call centers, reading canned scripts and being supervised with methods known as ‘management by stress’.†Ã‚   (Cohen, Internet)   Jobs that have become available during the past years have significantly lessened the opportunities for employees to be creative and sociable people.   These days, everybody has become so busy at work; the pacing of transactions and movements has likewise become stressful.Thus, there came the years when the economy flourished and things have become hectic at work all over the nation.   The importance of personal relationships was set aside and almost everything then had to be translated to figures.   The decisions of management became foremost based on the bottom figures – whether each new issue represents profit or loss, additional income or expense – and even people were reduced into numbers and statistics.   A poem entitled, â€Å"The Unknown Citizen† ends as follows:   â€Å"Was he free?   Was he happy?   The question is absurd:   Had anything been wrong, we should certainly have heard.†Ã‚   (Auden, Internet)  Ã‚   The poem describes how persons can be treated as nothing but an addition to prevailing numbers representing various concerns of the society and how each person can leave no imprint of his life on earth except the contributions he made to the statistics prevailing during his lifetime.   It talks of life being bereft of relationships, passion, meaning and fulfi llment.   It actually projects life as being lived as though in a fish bowl – so limited and unexciting. The poem also projects people as mindless beings doing things in a mechanical manner characteristic of plain existence – people might as well be all robots.  Ã‚   Indeed, the present might resemble this sad picture painted by the poem, but things can be done so the needed changes would take effect.Looking at the prevailing trends and the empty, meaningless life that more and more people are living while they are in their workplaces, the question that next comes up is how America can reverse the ongoing drift and help see to the plight of the unhappily employed and unsatisfied members of the work force.   In the old days, there were workers who were dissatisfied only with the financial aspect of their jobs.   They were the teachers and other enthusiasts of their respective fields who would not trade their posts for any other but would be happier if they would be paid more for doing the things they did.   These days, the dissatisfaction is caused by both the inadequate compensation scheme in place and the general lack of enjoyment and happiness that people find in attending to their duties at work.   It is sad that millions â€Å"live in the shadow of prosperity, in the twilight between poverty and well-being.†Ã‚   (Shipler, Internet)   These are citizens for whom the American Dream is out of reach despite their willingness to work hard.   They live by the day, and they dare not look at their future which is totally unplanned for in terms of good health and financial security.   Many members of the American society belong to this caste.   They have meager means; thus, even minor setbacks like accidents can cause their entire life to be so badly affected.   The jobs they get are those so-called â€Å"dead-end† jobs, which hardly offer benefits or opportunities.   And so they take jobs simply because they cann ot afford to not take them – not taking the unattractive jobs available would mean not having food to eat and not being able to provide for their families.   They have become victims of necessity; in order to provide the basic needs of themselves and their families, they have embraced their careers without much thought of their personal satisfaction and dreams.Shipler has further written, â€Å"As a culture, the United States is not quite sure about the causes of poverty, and is therefore uncertain about the solutions.†Ã‚   In his book, Shipler has proposed that on top of the current assistance programs of the government that badly need some boost, some other steps in the right direction should as well be applied.   The society will have to do its part, while the government is hoped to implement procedures that will make life better for its constituents such as the adoption of an improved wage structure adopted, the creation of more vocational programs (in both the public and private sectors), the development of a fairer way to distribute school funding, and the sound implementation of a basic national health care plan (Shipler, Internet).Shipler does not believe that the government alone, nor any other single variable, can solve the problem.   Instead, other things will be to be as well put in place, beginning with the political will necessary for the creation of a relief system â€Å"that recognizes both the society’s obligation through government and business, and the individual’s obligation through labor and family† (Shipler, Internet).While these plans are in place and will take time to be realized, there are changes that can begin to happen now.   One big change would be in the way members of the working force of the nation generally view their jobs and what they think of the roles they play in the lives of other people.   â€Å"Work should be fun.†Ã‚   (Bakke, Internet)   Each workplace should be a h aven where â€Å"every person, from custodian to CEO, has the power to use his or her God-given talents free of needless corporate bureaucracy. A joy-filled workplace gives people the freedom to use their talents and skills for the benefit of society, without being crushed or controlled by autocratic supervisors. We defined fun to mean rewarding, exciting, creative and successful.†Ã‚   (Bakke, Internet)   Thus, Bakke hopes to lead the working people of today to regain the enthusiasm and love that people in the old days had for their work.   Despite the developments in the industrialized nation, Bakke attempts to make people see how much happier they would be by becoming like the workers during the later part of the 19th century.The machineries in place, the technologies handy and some practices have changed a lot, but some things much not change.   Even now, people still can see work as a fun thing to do.   It only requires a change in perspective and in one’s approach to work.  Ã‚   Similarly, some authors believe that if people would bring a playful attitude to their jobs and would think of work as a game, they will achieve more and find the same work more enjoyable.   There are specific ideas about â€Å"scheduling games at work, giving employees unexpected rewards, and treating employees better than customers.Even more useful, though, might be the general tips for stress reduction.   As an example of the rules given, people will have to learn to react to problems as water reacts:   it flows.   â€Å"If it gets blocked, it flows around the problem, but also gradually wears it down.   If it is dammed, it eventually finds a way over, under or though the problem.   So when all else fails, watch water flow.†   Ã‚  (Weinstein, Internet)   Some books advise that workers should learn to take themselves less seriously so as to more easily see the lighter side of things.   â€Å"Work works best when it’s regu larly infused with fun.   That makes people look forward to work – the way the aforementioned dog looks forward to jogging with its human pal – rather than dreading it.†Ã‚   (Weinstein, Internet)To start right, young people who are about to graduate and to get onboard the respective companies they have chosen should be provided ample of guidance and advice that will enable them to prepare better for the big leap that they are about to take.   Author Roberts has written:If you’re getting ready to graduate, the prospect of going out into the real world   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and starting work can be daunting†¦Ã‚   The good news is that there are many   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   opportunities for graduates (and not just in conventional ‘jobs’); tried and tested   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ways of identifying what type of work you will enjoy; and proven strategies to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   increase your chances of getting it.   The more you understand about the world of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   graduate employment, career choice and job hunting, the better prepared you will   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   be to carve out an individual and personal career for yourself, a career that you   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   will enjoy.   (Internet)Indeed, looking at the sad picture of the working class of today would make young people resolve to not end up like one of the disgruntled employees of various companies that they could see all around.   Problems of the society will be solved, and workers can do their part by solving their own issues regarding how they see their work and how they see themselves as engaged in such work.   Happiness and fun at work can be achieved; it is all a matter of seeing things differently and choosing not to be engulfed by the bureaucratic, impersonal and hectic systems of the companies today.Knowing that one must love and enjoy his work is the first step to take.Works CitedAuden, Wystan Hugh.   â€Å"The Unknown Citizen.†Ã‚   9 August 2008 http://www.cs.rice.edu/~ssiyer/minstrels/poems/386.html.Bakke, Dennis W. Joy at Work:   A Revolutionary Approach to Fun on the Job.   Seattle, WA:   PVG.   9 August 2008. http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0976268604/ref=sib_dp_ptu#reader-link.Cohen, Adam.   â€Å"Editorial Observer; What Studs Terkel’s ‘Working’ Says About W orker Malaise Today.†Ã‚   New York Times.   31 May 2004.   9 August 2008. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D01E2D71F3EF932A05756C0A9629C8B63Roberts, Leila.   After You Graduate:   Finding and Getting Work You Will Enjoy.   New York:   McGraw Hill Education, 2006. 9 August 2008.   http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/reader/0335217931/ref=sib_rdr_ex?ie=UTF8p=S00Bj=0#reader page.Shipler, David K. The Working Poor:   Invisible in America.   Vintage Publishing, 2005. 9 August 2008.   http://www.amazon.com/Working-Poor-Invisible-America/dp/0375408908.Weinstein, Matt W.   Work Like Your Dog:   Fifty Ways to Work Less, Play More and Earn More.   Random House Children’s Publishing, 1999.   9 August 2008.   http://www.amazon.com/Work-Like-Your-Dog_Fifty/dp/0375502416.For Further Reading and ResearchKozol, Jonathan.   Amazing Grace:   Lives of Children and the Conscience of a Nation.   New York:   Crown Publishers, Inc., 1995.   This b ook details the poverty that some castes in the New York society live in.   It depicts the disparity between the lives of the rich and the poor of the society.